AfNOG 2012 Workshop on Network Technology

Track AR-E — Advanced Routing

Detailed Course Outline

Day organisation

The workshop runs from Monday to Friday. Each day is divided into four slots of approximately two hours each. There may be optional evening sessions on some days.

The classes will use approximately the following time slots. These times are not exact.

• 09:00–10:45 — Morning session 1
• 11:15–13:00 — Morning session 2
• 14:00–16:00 — Afternoon session 1
• 16:30–18:30 — Afternoon session 2
• 20:00–21:30 — Optional evening sessions

Related documents

In addition to this detailed course outline, there is a summary timetable showing the entire course at a glance.

The Track AR-E main page will also be of interest.

Monday morning

• Introduction & Logistics [PFS]
  • Welcoming to the workshop with instructor and participant introductions, logistical and scheduling details for the rest of the week.
  • Introductory Slides.
• Introduction to the Internet [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • Topologies and Definitions
    • IP Addressing
    • Internet Hierarchy
    • How it all works, the role of the Network Operations Groups
  • Presentation.
• Routing Basics [JG]
  • Topics include:
    • IPv4
    • Routing
    • Forwarding
    • More Definitions
    • Policy options
    • Routing Protocols
  • Presentation.
• OSPF for ISPs Overview [JG]
  • OSPFv2 Routing Protocol Highlights
  • OSPF Design in SP Networks
  • Enabling OSPF on Cisco routers
  • OSPF best practice in Cisco's IOS
  • Presentation.
• Basic OSPF Lab [PFS]
  • Lab: Setting up one AS with OSPF as the IGP.
  • OSPFv2 Lab materials.
  • IPv4 Addressing Plan.
  • Blank router configuration to launch Dynamips.
  • Class configurations for Lab1.

Monday afternoon

• Introduction to BGP [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • Introduction to BGP4
    • Introduction to Internal BGP
    • Introduction to External BGP
    • Comparing iBGP with eBGP
    • Stable iBGP configuration
    • Announcing prefixes and aggregates
  • Presentation.
• Basic BGP Lab [PFS]
  • Lab: Setting up one AS with full mesh iBGP on the existing IGP infrastructure.
  • BGP Lab materials.
  • Class configurations for Lab2.
• Introduction to IPv6 [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • IPv4 and IPv6 history
    • IPv4 runout.
    • IPv6 co-existence.
    • NAT vs IPv6.
  • Presentation.

Monday evening — Optional sessions

• TACACS+ (and AAA) [JG]
  • Topics include:
    • The meaning of AAA.
    • User access to routers.
    • The TACACS+ system.
    • Configuring TACACS+ on Cisco IOS.
    • Configuring a TACACS+ server.
  • Presentation.

Tuesday morning

• IPv6 Standards and Protocols [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • IPv6 protocol.
    • IPv6 addressing types.
    • Auto configuration, DHCPv6, Manual configuration.
    • Multicast IPv6.
    • Standards status.
  • Presentation.
• IPv6 Addressing [PFS,JG]
  • Topics include:
    • IPv6 addressing plans.
  • Presentation.
• IPv6 Routing [PFS,JG]
  • Topics include:
    • Configuring IPv6 on Cisco IOS.
    • Static IPv6 routing.
    • OSPFv3.
    • ISIS extensions for IPv6.
    • BGP extensions for IPv6.
  • Presentation.

Tuesday afternoon

• Basic OSPFv3 & iBGP Lab using IPv6 [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • IPv6 Lab: Setting up one AS with OSPFv3 as the IGP.
    • IPv6 Lab: Setting up one AS with full mesh iBGP.
  • OSPFv3 Lab Materials
  • BGP IPv6 Lab Materials.
  • IPv6 Lab Addressing Plan.
  • Class OSPFv3 Lab Configurations.
  • Class BGP IPv6 Lab Configurations.
• Introduction to ISIS [JG]
  • Topics include:
    • History of IS-IS.
    • The IS-IS protocol.
    • IS-IS design considerations.
    • IS-IS scaling considerations.
    • IS-IS support for IPv6.
    • IS-IS support for Multi-topology for IPv6.
  • Presentation.
• ISIS for ISPs [JG]
  • Topics include:
    • Configuring ISIS on Cisco IOS
    • ISIS Tuning Features
  • Presentation.
• OSPF to ISIS Migration [JG]
  • Topics include:
    • How to migrate from OSPF to ISIS.
  • Presentation.
• OSPF to ISIS migration Lab [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • Migrating the dual stack lab from using OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 to ISIS as the IGP.
    • Without breaking anything!
  • Lab Materials.
  • Class Lab Configurations.

Tuesday evening — Optional sessions

• OSPF vs ISIS [PFS]
  • Joint session with SI-E. Topics include:
    • OSPF Routing Protocol
    • ISIS Routing Protocol
    • Advantages of OSPF
    • Advantages of ISIS
  • Presentation.

Wednesday morning

• BGP Attributes [JG]
  • Topics include:
    • What is an Attribute.
    • AS Path Attribute (including 2byte and 4byte ASNs).
    • Next-hop Attribute, iBGP next-hop, 3rd party next-hop.
    • Origin Attribute.
    • Aggregator Attribute.
    • Local Preference.
    • Multi Exit Discriminator (MED) / Metric.
    • BGP Weight.
    • BGP Communities.
    • BGP Path Selection Algorithm.
  • Presentation
• BGP Policy Control [JG]
  • Topics include:
    • Policy using Prefix-Lists.
    • Policy using AS-Path filters (including regular expressions).
    • Policy using route-maps.
    • Managing policy changes.
  • Presentation.
• BGP Scaling Techniques [JG,PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • Route Refresh
    • BGP Peer Groups
    • iBGP Scaling: Route Reflectors
    • iBGP Scaling: BGP Confederations
    • Route Flap Damping
  • Presentation.

Wednesday afternoon

• Route Reflector Lab [PFS]
  • Lab: Converting the full mesh iBGP to Route Reflector
  • IPv4 Lab Exercise.
  • IPv6 Lab Exercise.
  • Class IPv4 Lab Configuration.
  • Class IPv6 Lab Configuration.
• ISIS, iBGP and eBGP Lab [PFS]
  • Lab: Setting up a 4 ASN network using ISIS, iBGP and eBGP
  • Lab Exercise.
  • Lab Addressing Plan.
  • Class IPv4 Lab Configuration.
• BGP Best Practises [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • Recommended BCP configuration for BGP on Cisco IOS.
    • Use of BGP versus OSPF/ISIS.
    • Aggregation: Good vs Bad.
    • Separation of iBGP and eBGP.
    • Efforts to improve Aggregation on the Internet.
    • CIDR Report and BGP Instability Report.
    • Receiving Prefixes from Customers, Peers and Upstreams.
    • IPv4 and IPv6 Bogon Routes.
    • Putting prefixes into iBGP.
    • Scaling the network and how to convert from IGP only to using IGP/iBGP overlay model.
  • Presentation.

Wednesday evening — Optional sessions

• 4-byte ASNs [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • Introduction to 4-byte ASNs
    • Interoperating 4-byte and 2-byte ASN networks.
    • Deploying 4-byte ASNs
  • Presentation.

Thursday morning

• ISP Network Design [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • PoP Topologies and Design
    • Backbone Design
    • Upstream Connectivity and Peering
    • Addressing
    • Routing Protocols
    • Security
    • Out of Band Management
    • Operational Considerations
  • Presentation.
• Adding IPv6 to ISIS, iBGP and eBGP Lab [PFS]
  • IPv6 Lab: Adding IPv6 to the ISIS, iBGP and eBGP Lab
  • Lab Exercise.
  • IPv6 Lab Addressing Plan.
  • Class Lab Configurations.

Thursday afternoon

• Route Filtering Lab (using IPv6) [PFS]
  • IPv6 Lab Topics include:
    • Route filtering using prefix lists, AS Path filters, and communities.
    • Introduction to policy using route-maps.
    • Introduction to peer-groups.
  • Lab Exercise.
  • Class Lab Configurations.
• BGP Multihoming - Part 1 [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • Reasons for Multihoming.
    • Definition of Multihoming.
    • AS Numbers (2-byte, 4-byte, private ASNs).
    • Multihoming Policy Tools.
    • Multihoming Options: Stub network, Multi-homed stub network, Multi-homed network, Configuration Options.
    • Preparing the Network.
    • Basic principles.
    • How good address plans aid Multihoming.
    • Simple examples of inbound load balancing:
      • Multihoming to the same ISP.
      • Scaling customer multihoming - RFC2270.
      • Multihoming to different ISPs.
  • Presentation.
• The Value of Peering [JG]
  • Topics include:
    • What is Peering.
    • What is Transit.
    • The importance of Internet Exchange Points (IXPs).
    • Transit goals.
    • Private or Public peering.
    • Peering or Transit?
    • Local versus Regional IXPs.
    • Practical examples.
  • Presentation.

Thursday evening

• Free Time

Friday morning

• BGP Multihoming - Part 2 [PFS]
  • Topics include:
    • Load balancing outbound traffic.
    • Full BGP table versus Partial BGP table.
    • Simple examples of outbound load balancing:
      • One upstream, one local peer.
      • One upstream, local exchange point.
      • Two upstreams, one local peer: using full BGP and using partial BGP.
      • Three upstreams, unequal link bandwidths.
  • Presentation.
• Multihoming Strategies Lab (using IPv6) [PFS]
  • IPv6 Lab: Introduction to using Local Preference, MED, AS-Path prepend and communities for BGP Traffic Engineering.
  • Lab Exercise.
  • Class Lab Configurations.

Friday afternoon

• Multihoming Strategies Lab (using IPv6) [PFS]
• IPv6 Deployment Case Study [JG]
  • Topics include:
    • IPv6 Deployment planning.
    • Network Audit.
    • Network Optimisation.
    • Procuring IPv6 Address Space.
    • IPv6 Address plan.
    • Deploying Addressing & IGP.
    • Deploying iBGP.
    • Seeking IPv6 Transit.
    • Forward and Reverse DNS.
    • Services & Customers.
  • Presentation.
• Miscellaneous Wrap Up Topics [PFS,JG]
  • Topics include:
    • Explaining Dynamips.
  • Dynamips software and configurations as used for the AR-E Workshop.

Friday evening

• Workshop Dinner and Certificate Ceremony